Sushruta Samhita Sharirasthana Chapter 4 Garbha Vyakarana Shariram (Particulars of Fetus)

The 4th chapter of Sharirasthana of Sushruta Samhita is called as Garbha Vyakarana Shariram Adhyaya. This chapter offers with Particulars of the fetus.

अथातो गर्भव्याकरणं शारीरं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||

We’ll now expound the chapter by identify Garbha Vyakarana-detailed description of the fetus; as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.

Prana – Life

अग्निः सोमो वायुः सत्त्वं रजस्तमः पञ्चेन्द्रियाणि भूतात्मेति प्राणाः ||३||

 The beneath talked about entities collectively represent Prana i.e. life –

–   Agni

–   Soma

–   Vayu

–   Sattva

–   Rajas

–   Tamas

–   Pancha Indriyas – i.e. 5 sense organs and

–   Bhutatma – soul

Sapta Tvaca – Seven layers of pores and skin

तस्य खल्वेवम्प्रवृत्तस्य शुक्रशोणितस्याभिपच्यमानस्य क्षीरस्येव सन्तानिकाः सप्त त्वचो भवन्ति |
तासां प्रथमाऽवभासिनी नाम, या सर्वान् वर्णानवभासयति पञ्चविधां च छायां प्रकाशयति, सा व्रीहेरष्टादशभागप्रमाणा, सिध्मपद्मकण्टकाधिष्ठाना; द्वितीया लोहिता नाम, षोडशभागप्रमाणा, तिलकालकन्यच्छव्यङ्गाधिष्ठाना; तृतीया श्वेता नाम, द्वादशभागप्रमाणा, चर्मदलाजगल्लीमषकाधिष्ठाना; चतुर्थी ताम्रा नामाष्टभागप्रमाणा, विविधकिलासकुष्ठाधिष्ठाना; पञ्चमी वेदिनी नाम पञ्चभागप्रमाणा, कुष्ठविसर्पाधिष्ठाना; षष्ठी रोहिणी नाम व्रीहिप्रमाणा, ग्रन्थ्यपच्यर्बुदश्लीपदगलगण्डाधिष्ठाना; सप्तमी मांसधरा नाम व्रीहिद्वयप्रमाणा, भगन्दरविद्रध्यर्शोऽधिष्ठाना |
यदेतत् प्रमाणं निर्दिष्टं तन्मांसलेष्ववकाशेषु, न ललाटे सूक्ष्माङ्गुल्यादिषु च; यतो वक्ष्यत्युदरेषु- ‘व्रीहिमुखेनाङ्गुष्ठोदरप्रमाणमवगाढं विध्येत्’ (चि.१४) इति ||४||

When the milk is boiled, the cream is shaped and raises to the floor. Similar to that when the product shaped by the union of sukra – sperm and sonita – ovum is getting cooked (processed) by the motion of warmth, within the uterus, seven layers of tvaca – pores and skin are shaped and rises to the floor of the physique.

Under talked about are the names and options of the seven varieties / layers of tvaca.

Layer	Identify of the layer of Tvaca	Options
1st Layer	Avabhasini – that which displays	Expresses all of the varna – colours Illuminates 5 sorts of chaya – shades of colours or complexion Dimension – 18th of vrihi (paddy, rice grain) in thickness Seat of – illnesses like Sidhma, Padmakantaka and so on.
2nd Layer	Lohita – that which is pink / reddish	Crimson in coloration Dimension – one by sixteenth a part of vrihi in thickness Seat of – illnesses like Tilakalaka, Nyaccha and Vyanga
3rd Layer	Sveta – that which is white in coloration	White in coloration Dimension – one twelfth of vrihi in thickness Seat of – illnesses like Carmadala, Ajagallika and Masaka
4	Tamra – that which is coppery in coloration	Coppery coloration Dimension – one eight of vrihi in thickness Seat of – many sorts of Kilasa and Kusta
5	Vedini – that which perceives sensations of contact, ache and so on.	Perceives contact, ache and so on sensations, Dimension – one fifth of vrihi in thickness Seat of – Kustha and Visarpa
6	Rohini – that which is rising	It retains rising Dimension – one vrihi in thickness Seat of – illnesses like granthi – benign tumor or cystic swelling, apaci – cervical lymphadenoma, arbuda – malignant tumor, slipada – filariasis and galaganda – cervical lymphadenitis / goiter / thyroid swelling
7	Mamsadhara – that which holds and helps muscle mass	Holds and helps muscle mass Dimension – 2 vrihi in thickness Seat of – illnesses like bhagandara – fistula-in-ano, vidradhi – abscess and arsas – piles

We have to be aware that the thickness of the tvaca talked about above is restricted just for muscular components and never for the pores and skin on the brow, small fingers and so on. components. Due to this fact, within the therapy of Jalodara – ascites, it has been talked about that the stomach must be punctured to a thickness of ‘center portion of the thumb’ (Su.Chi.14).

Kala – Membranes / Sheaths / Septa

कलाः खल्वपि सप्त भवन्ति धात्वाशयान्तरमर्यादाः ||५||

The ‘Kalas’ are additionally seven in quantity. They’re current contained in the dhatus – tissues and ashayas – hole organs.

यथा हि सारः काष्ठेषु छिद्यमानेषु दृश्यते |
तथाहि धातुर्मांसेषु छिद्यमानेषु दृश्यते ||६||
स्नायुभिश्च प्रतिच्छन्नान् सन्ततांश्च जरायुणा |
श्लेष्मणा वेष्टितांश्चापि कलाभागांस्तु तान् विदुः ||७||

Some verses here-

When the wooden / stem of the tree is lower or cut up, we are able to see its pith inside. Similar to that, after we lower open the dhatus like mamsa and so on, we are able to see the kala inside them. These are differentiated as –

–   Snayu Pratichchanna – lined by or shaped by the ligaments,

–   Jarayu Santata – continuation or extension of fetal overlaying and

–   Sleshma Vesthita – coated with kapha

Kala Bheda – sorts of membranes

1. Mamsadhara Kala

तासां प्रथमा मांसधरा, यस्यां मांसे सिरास्नायुधमनीस्रोतसां प्रताना भवन्ति ||८||
यथा बिसमृणालानि विवर्धन्ते समन्ततः |
भूमौ पङ्कोदकस्थानि तथा मांसे सिरादयः ||९||

The primary kala among the many seven sorts of Kala is named Mamsadhara Kala.

Location – it’s current contained in the muscle mass.

Features – This kala permits the siras – blood vessels / veins, snayu – ligaments and dhamanis – arteries and their branches to unfold out contained in the muscle mass

Analogy – The siras, snayus and dhamanis develop and unfold contained in the muscle mass, similar to the bisa – lotus rhizome and mrnala – lotus stalk current in muddy water within the floor retains always continue to grow (spreading).

2. Raktadhara Kala

द्वितीया रक्तधरा मांसस्याभ्यन्तरतः, तस्यां शोणितं विशेषतश्च सिरासु यकृत्प्लीह्नोश्च भवति ||१०||
वृक्षाद्यथाभिप्रहतात् क्षीरिणः क्षीरिमावहेत् |
मांसादेवं क्षतात् क्षिप्रं शोणितं सम्प्रसिच्यते ||११||

The second Kala is named by the identify Raktadhara Kala.

Location – it’s current contained in the muscle mass. Inside this kala, sonita – blood is current, particularly within the siras of yakrt – liver and pliha – spleen.

Analogy – When the bushes with milky sap are lower or when their barks are bruised with some sharp object, the milky sap flows out of them. Equally, when the muscle mass are lower, the blood which is situated within the raktadhara kala in them, flows out rapidly in nice amount.

3. Medodhara Kala

तृतीया मेदोधरा; मेदो हि सर्वभूतानामुदरस्थमण्वस्थिषु च, महत्सु च मज्जा भवति ||१२||
स्थूलास्थिषु विशेषेण मज्जा त्वभ्यन्तराश्रितः |
अथेतरेषु सर्वेषु सरक्तं मेद उच्यते |
शुद्धमांसस्य यः स्नेहः सा वसा परिकीर्तिता ||१३||

The identify of the third kala is Medodhara Kala.

Location – Meda i.e. fats is current within the udara – stomach and anu asthi – small bones of all dwelling beings. It will likely be identified by the identify Majja whereas in massive bones particularly. Primarily within the massive bones, it’s the majja – bone marrow that’s inside them. Alternatively, in all different bones i.e. small, flat and curved bones, this fats will probably be referred to as by the identify Sarakta Meda i.e. pink coloured marrow or marrow with blood.

Vasa – The pure type of meda – fats current within the muscle mass is called vasa – muscle fats.

4. Slesmadhara Kala

चतुर्थी श्लेष्मधरा सर्वसन्धिषु प्राणभृतां भवति ||१४||
स्नेहाभ्यक्ते यथा ह्यक्षे चक्रं साधु प्रवर्तते |
सन्धयः साधु वर्तन्ते संश्लिष्टाः श्लेष्मणा तथा ||१५||

The fourth sort of Kala is called Sleshmadhara Kala.

Location – It’s current in all of the bony joints of all of the dwelling beings.

Analogy of perform and significance of slesmadhara kala – When the axle gap of the wheel is lubricated with oil, it strikes simply. Equally, the bony joints of the physique too will transfer simply and freely when they’re lubricated by sleshma – kapha. This sleshma is produced by the slesmadhara kala situated within the joints.

5. Purisadhara Kala

पञ्चमी पुरीषधरा नाम; याऽन्तःकोष्ठे मलमभिविभजते पक्वाशयस्था ||१६||
यकृत्समन्तात् कोष्ठं च तथाऽन्त्राणि समाश्रिता |
उण्डु(न्दु)कस्थं विभजते मलं मलधरा कला ||१७||

The fifth Kala is thought by the identify Purisadhara Kala.

Location – Purisadhara Kala is situated within the Pakvasaya – giant gut. To be exact, it’s situated contained in the alimentary tract, commencing from Yakrt – liver and intestines. Being situated within the Unduka, this maladhara kala (synonym of purishadhara kala) bifurcates and separates the mala – feces.

Features – It separates the mala – waste merchandise of digestion, feces primarily, from the meals materials after the digestion of meals.

6. Pittadhara Kala

षष्ठी पित्तधरा; या चतुर्विधमन्नपानमामाशयात् [२] प्रच्युतं पक्वाशयोपस्थितं धारयति ||१८||
अशितं खादितं पीतं लीढं कोष्ठगतं नृणाम् |
तज्जीर्यति यथाकालं शोषितं पित्ततेजसा ||१९||

The sixth Kala is called Pittadhara Kala.

Location – amashaya – abdomen, pakvashaya – small gut right here (giant gut additionally included)

Features – Pittadhara Kala retains and helps the 4 sorts of meals and drinks that we eat, that are pushed out from the Amasaya – abdomen after the preliminary a part of digestion and staying within the pakvasaya – small and enormous gut (small gut to be exact).

The beneath talked about 4 sorts of meals after reaching the kostha – alimentary tract undergoes digestion therein in the end of time –

–   Asita – eaten or swallowed,

–   Khadita – chewed

–   Pita – drunk and

–   Lidha – licked

After getting digested, these 4 sorts of meals get absorbed by the warmth of pitta.

7. Sukradhara Kala

सप्तमी शुक्रधरा, या सर्वप्राणिनां सर्वशरीरव्यापिनी ||२०||
यथा पयसि सर्पिस्तु गूढश्चेक्षौ रसो यथा |
शरीरेषु तथा शुक्रं नृणां विद्याद्भिषग्वरः ||२१||
द्व्यङ्गुले दक्षिणे पार्श्वे बस्तिद्वारस्य चाप्यधः |
मूत्रस्रोतःपथाच्छुक्रं पुरुषस्य प्रवर्तते ||२२||
कृत्स्नदेहाश्रितं शुक्रं प्रसन्नमनसस्तथा |
स्त्रीषु व्यायच्छतश्चापि हर्षात्तत् सम्प्रवर्तते ||२३||

The seventh kala is thought by the identify Sukradhara Kala.

Location – In all of the dwelling beings, sukradhara kala pervades all the physique i.e. it’s current in all the physique.

Analogy – Ghee is current in an invisible type throughout the milk. Jaggery is current within the sugarcane / sugarcane juice in an invisible type. Equally, it must be understood by a clever doctor that the Sukra too is current in an invisible type within the human physique.

Ejaculation of sukra – Sukra comes out by means of the mutra srotas i.e. urinary passages of the person, from a distance of two angulas (4 cm roughly), beneath the bastidwara i.e. orifice or urethral opening of urinary bladder, on the fitting facet. When the person indulges in copulation with a lady with pleasantness of his thoughts, the sukra current in all the physique will get ejaculated.

Adrstartava – cessation of menstrual movement – Amenorrhoea

गृहीतगर्भाणामार्तववहानां स्रोतसां वर्त्मान्यवरुध्यन्ते गर्भेण, तस्माद्गृहीतगर्भाणामार्तवं न दृश्यते; ततस्तदधः प्रतिहतमूर्ध्वमागतमपरं चोपचीयमानमपरेत्यभिधीयते; शेषं चोर्ध्वतरमागतं पयोधरावभिप्रतिपद्यते, तस्माद्गर्भिण्यः पीनोन्नतपयोधरा भवन्ति ||२४||

The artavavaha srotas i.e. channels which convey menstrual blood will get blocked by the strain of the fetus which is creating within the womb in a lady who has conceived. Therefore, in being pregnant, there will probably be no menstruation.

The menstrual blood thus obstructed beneath within the passages of artava, strikes upwards and helps within the growth of yet one more organ often called apara – placenta. The remaining portion of it additional strikes upwards reaches the breasts. That is the explanation why the breasts of the pregnant girls are elevated and enlarged.

Asayotpatti – formation of Viscera

गर्भस्य यकृत्प्लीहानौ शोणितजौ, शोणितफेनप्रभवः फुप्फुसः, शोणितकिट्टप्रभव उण्डुकः ||२५||

Organs of the fetus	Fashioned from
Yakrit – liver Pliha – spleen	Sonita – blood
Phuppusa – lungs	Sonita phena – froth of blood
Unduka – caecum	Sonita kitta – waste of blood

असृजः श्लेष्मणश्चापि यः प्रसादः परो मतः |
तं पच्यमानं पित्तेन वायुश्चाप्यनुधावति ||२६||
ततोऽस्यान्त्राणि जायन्ते गुदं बस्तिश्च देहिनः |
उदरे पच्यमानानामाध्मानाद्रुक्मसारवत् ||२७||
कफशोणितमांसानां साराज्जिह्वा प्रजायते |
यथार्थमूष्मणा युक्तो वायुः स्रोतांसि दारयेत् ||२८||
अनुप्रविश्य पिशितं पेशीर्विभजते तथा |
मेदसः स्नेहमादाय सिरास्नायुत्वमाप्नुयात् ||२९||
सिराणां तु मृदुः पाकः स्नायूनां च ततः खरः |
आशय्याभ्यासयोगेन करोत्याशयसम्भवम् ||३०||

Antrani – the 2 intestines (giant and small), Guda – rectum and anus and Basti – urinary bladder are shaped contained in the stomach

↓

when the vayu traverses

↓

the prasada i.e. essence of asrk – blood together with slesma – kapha

↓

whereas they’re being processed by pitta

Analogy – These organs are shaped similar to the essence of gold will get shaped when air is blown into the molten gold.

Jjihva – Formation of Jihva – tongue – takes place from the essence of kapha, rakta and mamsa.

Srotas – When vayu combines with usma – warmth or pitta, the srotas – channels or pores are shaped.

Pesi – Pesi or muscle mass are shaped when the vayu, on getting into the mamsa divides it.

Sira and Snayu – Each Sira – veins and Snayu – ligaments are shaped from the unctuous portion of medas – fats. When the unctuous portion of medas endure mrdupaka i.e. mildly processed, siras are shaped whereas kharapaka of unctuous portion of medas i.e. extra processing would result in formation of snayu – ligaments.

Asayas – Vayu creates asayas – hole organs when it resides for a while at sure locations within the fetal mass, when the fetus is creating.

रक्तमेदःप्रसादाद्वृक्कौ; मांसासृक्कफमेदःप्रसादाद्वृषणौ; शोणितकफप्रसादजं हृदयं, यदाश्रया हि धमन्यः प्राणवहाः; तस्याधो वामतः प्लीहा फुप्फुसश्च, दक्षिणतो यकृत् क्लोम च; तद्विशेषेण चेतनास्थानम्, अतस्तस्मिंस्तमसाऽऽवृते सर्वप्राणिनः स्वपन्ति ||३१||

Vrkka – Kidneys are shaped from the essence of rakta – blood and medas – fats.

Vrsana – The 2 testes are shaped from the essence of mamsa – muscle mass, asrk – blood, kapha and medas – fats.

Hrdaya – Hrdaya(coronary heart) is shaped by the essence of sonita (blood) and kapha. The dhamanis (arteries) and the Pranavaha Dhamani (arteries sustaining respiration and life) are connected to it (hrdaya – coronary heart).

Pliha – spleen and Phuppusa – left lung is situated beneath and to the fitting of Hrdaya. Alternatively, Yakrt – liver and Kloma – proper lung is situated to the fitting facet of the Hrdaya.

Hrdaya is the seat of cetana – consciousness or soul. That is the explanation why all of the dwelling beings sleep when the hrdaya is roofed (enveloped) with Tamas – ignorance or darkness.

पुण्डरीकेण सदृशं हृदयं स्यादधोमुखम् |
जाग्रतस्तद्विकसति स्वपतश्च निमीलति ||३२||

One other verse here-

Hrdaya is just like Pundarika – lotus however. It faces downwards. Hrdaya opens when the particular person is awake and when he sleeps, it closes.

Nidra – Sleep

निद्रां तु वैष्णवीं पाप्मानमुपदिशन्ति, सा स्वभावत एव सर्वप्राणिनोऽभिस्पृशति |
तत्र यदा सञ्ज्ञावहानि स्रोतांसि तमोभूयिष्ठः श्लेष्मा प्रतिपद्यते तदा तामसी नाम निद्रा सम्भवत्यनवबोधिनी, सा प्रलयकाले; तमोभूयिष्ठानामहःसु निशासु च भवति, रजोभूयिष्ठानामनिमित्तं, सत्त्वभूयिष्ठानामर्धरात्रे; क्षीणश्लेष्मणामनिलबहुलानां मनःशरीराभितापवतां च नैव, सा वैकारिकी भवति ||३३||

Nidra – sleep has been described as Vaisnavi – associated to Lord Vishnu.

Nidra can be described as Papma – sinful or a type of sin (makes for committing sins). Sleep by nature encroaches all of the dwelling beings by the point of demise.

Tamasi Nidra – It’s a sort of sleep which will get manifested when the sanjnavaha srotas (channels carrying sensations or consciousness) grow to be crammed with kapha and dominated by tamo guna. It’s mentioned that the particular person can by no means be awoken from this state of sleep. Such sleep happens on the time of demise.

Predominance of Gunas / Doshas	Nature of Sleep
Tamo guna	Sleep manifests naturally each throughout day and night time
Rajo guna	Sleep happens at any time, with none cause
Sattva Guna	Sleep happens at midnights – It’s referred to as Swabhavika Nidra – pure sleep
Decreased Sleshma – kapha and Elevated Anila – vata	Sleep doesn’t happen in any respect, at any time – This nidra is named Vaikariki Nidra – irregular or pathological sleep
In individuals whose thoughts and physique are troubled by illnesses and so on.	Vaikariki Nidra – as defined above (4)

हृदयं चेतनास्थानमुक्तं सुश्रुत ! देहिनाम् |
तमोभिभूते तस्मिंस्तु निद्रा विशति देहिनम् ||३४||
निद्राहेतुस्तमः, सत्त्वं बोधने हेतुरुच्यते |
स्वभाव एव वा हेतुर्गरीयान् परिकीर्त्यते ||३५||

Some verses right here

Pricey Sushruta, as mentioned earlier – ‘Hrdaya is the seat of Chetana – consciousness in all of the dwelling beings. When Hrdaya will get invaded by Tamo Guna, the particular person will fall asleep. Whereas Tamo Guna causes sleep, Sattva Guna is accountable for awakening. These are thought of because the chief and pure causes (for sleep)’.

Svapna – goals

पूर्वदेहानुभूतांस्तु भूतात्मा स्वपतः प्रभुः |
रजोयुक्तेन मनसा गृह्णात्यर्थाञ् शुभाशुभान् ||३६||
करणानां तु वैकल्ये तमसाऽभिप्रवर्धिते |
अस्वपन्नपि भूतात्मा प्रसुप्त इव चोच्यते ||३७||

Bhutatma – the soul is claimed to be svapatah prabhu i.e. the lord of the sleepers (those that sleep). When he’s related to the Rajo Guna in his thoughts, he perceives each the auspicious and inauspicious indriyarthas i.e. objects of sense organs – skilled within the earlier lives.

When there’s dysfunction of the sense organs and when Tamo Guna is significantly elevated, the Bhutatma is claimed to be sleeping, although he’s not sleeping really.

Diva Svapna – sleeping throughout day / day sleep

सर्वर्तुषु दिवास्वापः प्रतिषिद्धोऽन्यत्र ग्रीष्मात्, प्रतिषिद्धेष्वपि तु बालवृद्धस्त्रीकर्शितक्षतक्षीणमद्यनित्ययानवाहनाध्वकर्मपरिश्रान्तानामभुक्तवतां मेदःस्वेदकफरसरक्तक्षीणानामजीर्णिनां च मुहूर्तं दिवास्वपनमप्रतिषिद्धम् |

रात्रावपि जागरितवतां जागरितकालादर्धमिष्यते दिवास्वपनम् |

विकृतिर्हि दिवास्वप्नो नाम; तत्र स्वपतामधर्मः सर्वदोषप्रकोपश्च, तत्प्रकोपाच्च कासश्वासप्रतिश्यायशिरोगौरवाङ्गमर्दारोचकज्वराग्निदौर्बल्यानि भवन्ति; रात्रावपि जागरितवतां वातपित्तनिमित्तास्त एवोपद्रवा भवन्ति ||३८||

Except Grishma Rtu – summer season season, sleeping throughout day time is prohibited in all the opposite seasons.

Regardless of day sleep being typically prohibited, sleeping for a length of 1 muhurta i.e. 28 minutes roughly or for brief time period throughout day time is just not prohibited within the beneath talked about situations –

–       the youngsters,

–       the aged,

–       these fatigued from girl (copulation),

–       the injured,

–       the emaciated;

–       those that drink wine habitually,

–       these exhausted by journey in chariots, using on animals, strolling lengthy distances, arduous bodily actions;

–       those that haven’t partaken meals,

–       those that are having lower of fats, sweat, Kapha, Rasa and Rakta and

–       those that are having indigestion

If the particular person has stored awake at night time, he ought to sleep half of that point of conserving awake, for sleeping in the course of the day time.

Sleeping throughout day time is unquestionably irregular. It is usually unrighteous and improper. It aggravates all of the doshas. Aggravation of all doshas would trigger the beneath talked about illnesses –

–       cough,

–       dyspnea,

–       nasal catarrh,

–       heaviness of the top,

–       physique aches,

–       anorexia,

–       fever,

–       weak spot of digestive hearth

The identical illnesses produced by vata and pitta might come up even in individuals who hold awake at nights.

तस्मान्न जागृयाद्रात्रौ दिवास्वप्नं च वर्जयेत् |
ज्ञात्वा दोषकरावेतौ बुधः स्वप्नं मितं चरेत् ||३९||
अरोगः सुमना ह्येवं बलवर्णान्वितो वृषः |
नातिस्थूलकृशः श्रीमान् नरो जीवेत् समाः शतम् ||४०||
(निद्रा सात्म्यीकृता यैस्तु रात्रौ च यदि वा दिवा|)
दिवारात्रौ च ये नित्यं स्वप्नजागरणोचिताः |
न तेषां स्वपतां दोषो जाग्रतां वाऽपि जायते ||४१||

Some verses right here:-

Due to this fact, individuals shouldn’t hold awake at night time. Additionally, they shouldn’t be sleeping throughout day time.

A clever particular person ought to all the time bask in mita swapna – sleeping reasonably figuring out that each these i.e. day sleep and night time awakening irritate the doshas.

Under talked about are the advantages of sleeping sparsely –

–       freedom from illnesses,

–       pleasantness of the thoughts,

–       will acquire good power, coloration / complexion and virility,

–       he will probably be neither too stout nor too lean,

–       will probably be bestowed with stunning look

–       longevity – a life span of hundred years

 

Such day sleep and night time wakefulness don’t trigger hurt to these people who find themselves habituated to those patterns of sleep.

Nidra Nasa – lack of sleep / insomnia

निद्रानाशोऽनिलात् पित्तान्मनस्तापात् क्षयादपि |
सम्भवत्यभिघाताच्च प्रत्यनीकैः प्रशाम्यति ||४२||
निद्रानाशेऽभ्यङ्गयोगो मूर्ध्नि तैलनिषेवणम् |
गात्रस्योद्वर्तनं चैव हितं संवाहनानि च ||४३||
शालिगोधूमपिष्टान्नभक्ष्यैरैक्षवसंस्कृतैः |
भोजनं मधुरं स्निग्धं क्षीरमांसरसादिभिः ||४४||
रसैर्बिलेशयानां च विष्किराणां तथैव च |
द्राक्षासितेक्षुद्रव्याणामुपयोगो भवेन्निशि ||४५||
शयनासनयानानि मनोज्ञानि मृदूनि च |
निद्रानाशे तु कुर्वीत तथाऽन्यान्यपि बुद्धिमान् ||४६||

Under talked about are the causes of lack of sleep –

–       aggravation of vata and pitta,

–       exhaustion of thoughts,

–       lack of tissues

–       harm to the physique

Indulgence within the opposites helps in curing the ‘lack of sleep’.

Therapy of lack of sleep –Under talked about are the efficient measures for ‘lack of sleep’ –

–       abhyanga – oil therapeutic massage – anointing the physique with medicated oil

–       murdnitaila – oil therapies over the top,

–       udwarthana – therapeutic massage performed with natural powders performed in upward course, reverse to the course of physique hairs

–       samvahana – trampling over the physique / kneading

–       use of rice, wheat, flour of grains, eatables ready from sugarcane juice is good meals

–       meals that are candy in style, unctuous, used together with milk and meat soup

–       soup of meat of bileshaya – animals which dwell in burrow sand of Viskira birds;

–       draksa, sugar and merchandise of sugarcane juice – at nights,

–       nice and delicate cot, seats and automobiles,

–       every other factor or measure which induces sleep

Ati Nidra – extra sleep

निद्रातियोगे वमनं हितं संशोधनानि च |
लङ्घनं रक्तमोक्षश्च मनोव्याकुलनानि च ||४७||

Under talked about are the perfect measures for combating extra sleep and its results –

–       vamana – emesis,

–       samshodhana – delicate purificatory therapies,

–       langhana – fasting, lightening therapies,

–       raktamoksha – bloodletting

–       mano vyakulana – inducing fear within the thoughts

Situations by which conserving awake at nights and day sleeping are useful

कफमेदोविषार्तानां रात्रौ जागरणं हितम् |
दिवास्वप्नश्च तृट्शूलहिक्काजीर्णातिसारिणाम् ||४८||

Protecting awake at nights is helpful within the beneath talked about situations –

–       for these affected by aggravation of kapha

–       for these affected by aggravation of medas – fats and

–       for these affected by visa – poisons

Day time sleeping is helpful for these affected by the beneath talked about situations –

–       thirst,

–       ache in stomach,

–       hiccup,

–       indigestion and

–       diarrhea

Tandra – stupor

इन्द्रियार्थेष्वसम्प्राप्तिर्गौरवं जृम्भणं क्लमः |
निद्रार्तस्येव यस्येहा तस्य तन्द्रां विनिर्दिशेत् ||४९||

An individual is claimed to be having Tandra – stupor within the presence of the beneath talked about indicators –

–       indriyartheshu asampraptih – non notion of sense objects by the respective sense organs,

–       gauravam – heaviness of the physique,

–       jrmbhanam – extreme yawning,

–       klamah – exhaustion,

–       nidrartasyaiva – actions just like these of an individual who’s sleeping

Jhrmbha – Yawn

पीत्वैकमनिलोच्छ्वासमुद्वेष्टन् विवृताननः |
यं मुञ्चति सनेत्रास्रं स जृम्भ इति सञ्ज्ञितः ||५०||

Jrmbha means yawning.

It’s characterised by the beneath talked about indicators –

–   swallowing of air firstly by means of inspiration and

–   letting out the air by means of the open mouth accompanied with,

–   movement of tears within the eyes

Klama- exhaustion

योऽनायासः श्रमो देहे प्रवृद्धः श्वासवर्जितः |
क्लमः स इति विज्ञेय इन्द्रियार्थप्रबाधकः ||५१||

Klama means exhaustion or fatigue.

Klama is characterised by the beneath talked about indicators –

–       really feel of fatigue with out doing any work

–       not accompanied with dyspnea,

–       nice disturbance of sensory notion

Alasya – Lazyness

सुखस्पर्शप्रसङ्गित्वं दुःखद्वेषणलोलता |
शक्तस्य चाप्यनुत्साहः कर्मस्वालस्यमुच्यते ||५२||

Alasya – lassitude is a situation characterised by –

–       need for snug contact,

–       hatred in direction of discomfort and hardships (he tries to stay away from something which is discomfortable)

–       lack of enthusiasm in doing any sort of work despite he being able to doing it

Utklesa – Nausea

उत्क्लिश्यान्नं न निर्गच्छेत् प्रसेकष्ठीवनेरितम् |
हृदयं पीड्यते चास्य तमुत्क्लेशं विनिर्दिशेत् ||५३||

Utklesha – nausea is a situation characterised by –

–       the meals which we’ve consumed is attempting to come back out (abdomen is attempting arduous to throw it out) however doesn’t come out despite being stimulated, accompanied with

–       salivation and

–       expectoration, and

–       causes discomfort of the guts

Glani – fatigue

वक्त्रे मधुरता तन्द्रा हृदयोद्वेष्टनं भ्रमः |
न चान्नमभिकाङ्क्षेत ग्लानिं तस्य विनिर्दिशेत् ||५४||

Glani – fatigue is a situation characterised by –

–       feeling of sweetness within the mouth,

–       stupor,

–       oppression or feeling of extreme discomfort within the area of the guts,

–       giddiness,

–       absence of need for meals

Gaurava – feeling of heaviness

आर्द्रचर्मावनद्धं वा यो गात्रं मन्यते नरः |
तथा गुरु शिरोऽत्यर्थं गौरवं तद्विनिर्दिशेत् ||५५||

Gaurava – feeling of heaviness is characterised by –

–       particular person feeling as if his physique has been lined with moist pores and skin / leather-based and

–       his head may be very heavy

Dosha predominance in Murccha, Bhrama, Tandra and Nidra

मूर्च्छा पित्ततमःप्राया, रजःपित्तानिलाद्भ्रमः |
तमोवातकफात्तन्द्रा, निद्रा श्लेष्मतमोभवा ||५६||

Situation	Dosha and Guna predominance
Murcha – fainting, syncope	Pitta, Tamo guna
Bhrama – giddiness	Rajo Guna, Pitta, Vata
Tandra – stupor	Tamo Guna, Vata, Kapha
Nidra – sleep	Sleshma (Kapha), Tamo Guna

Garbha Vrddhi – development of the fetus

गर्भस्य खलु रसनिमित्ता मारुताध्माननिमित्ता च परिवृद्धिर्भवति ||५७||

Under talked about components are accountable for development of fetus –

–       rasa – circulation of vitamins and

–       maruta adhmana – inflation brought on by vata

तस्यान्तरेण नाभेस्तु ज्योतिःस्थानं ध्रुवं स्मृतम् |
तदाधमति वातस्तु देहस्तेनास्य वर्धते ||५८||
ऊष्मणा सहितश्चापि दारयत्यस्य मारुतः |
ऊर्ध्वं तिर्यगधस्ताच्च स्रोतांस्यपि यथा तथा ||५९||

Some verses say:-

The truth that the Jyoti sthana – seat of digestive hearth is current beneath (inside) the umbilicus of the fetus is particular with none doubt. The physique grows when that is inflated by Vata, mixed with Usma i.e. warmth or pitta. The physique of the fetus grows in accordance to the srotas changing into dilated and spreading upward, sideward and downward.

दृष्टिश्च रोमकूपाश्च न वर्धन्ते कदाचन |
ध्रुवाण्येतानि मर्त्यानामिति धन्वन्तरेर्मतम् ||६०||

In line with the opinion of Lord Dhanvantari, drsti – imaginative and prescient and romakupa – hair follicles are everlasting in human beings. They don’t develop at any time, after getting shaped as soon as.

शरीरे क्षीयमाणेऽपि वर्धेते द्वाविमौ सदा |
स्वभावं प्रकृतिं कृत्वा नखकेशाविति स्थितिः ||६१||

Nakha – nails and Kesha – hairs (on the top) proceed to develop always even the physique is decaying and for this, swabhava – nature itself being the Prakriti – trigger, is particular.

Deha prakrti – human physique structure – Somato sorts

सप्त प्रकृतयो भवन्ति- दोषैः पृथक्, द्विशः, समस्तैश्च ||६२||
शुक्रशोणितसंयोगे यो भवेद्दोष उत्कटः |
प्रकृतिर्जायते तेन तस्या मे लक्षणं शृणु ||६३||

Seven sorts of Prakriti – constitutions or physique sorts are shaped. They’re –

–       by every dosha individually – vata, pitta and kapha – eka doshaja prakriti

–       by the mixture of two doshas – vata-pitta, vata-kapha and kapha-pitta – dvandva or samsarga prakriti

–       by mixture of all three doshas – vata, pitta and kapha – sammisra, sannipata prakriti

The prakriti of the particular person will get shaped from whichever dosha or doshas predominant on the time of union of sukra and sonita.

Now hearken to the options of those prakritis.

Vata prakrti purusa laksana – options of particular person of vata structure

तत्र वातप्रकृतिः प्रजागरूकः शीतद्वेषी दुर्भगः स्तेनो मत्सर्यनार्यो गन्धर्वचित्तः स्फुटितकरचरणोऽल्परूक्षश्मश्रुनखकेशः क्राथी दन्तखादी च भवति ||६४||
अधृतिरदृढसौहृदः कृतघ्नः कृशपरुषो धमनीततः प्रलापी |
द्रुतगतिरटनोऽनवस्थितात्मा वियति च गच्छति सम्भ्रमेण सुप्तः ||६५||
अव्यवस्थितमतिश्चलदृष्टिर्मन्दरत्नधनसञ्चयमित्रः |
किञ्चिदेव विलपत्यनिबद्धं मारुतप्रकृतिरेष मनुष्यः ||६६||
(वातिकाश्चाजगोमायुशशाखूष्ट्रशुनां तथा |
गृध्रकाकखरादीनामनूकैः कीर्तिता नराः) ||६७||

Under talked about are the options of particular person of Vata Prakriti –

–       extra awake and sleeps much less

–       hates chilly,

–       look – ugly, skinny (emaciated),

–       nature – thievish, jealous, uncultured, merciless, ungrateful,

–       expert in music and different fantastic arts,

–       has cracks in his arms and toes

–       has much less of moustaches, nails and hairs,

–       moustaches, nails and hairs are tough,

–       grinds his tooth in his sleep

–       much less brave,

–       doesn’t have firmness in friendship,

–       has prominence of veins everywhere in the physique,

–       walks rapidly,

–       may be very talkative,

–       wanders an excessive amount of,

–       has unsteadiness of thoughts and disorganized thoughts as properly,

–       has goals as if he’s shifting within the sky

–       has unsteady imaginative and prescient,

–       poor in accumulation and assortment of treasured stones (gems), wealth and pals,

–       speaks much less and irrelevant issues

Individuals of Vata Prakriti resemble the beneath mentioned of their bodily and psychological behaviors –

–       goat

–       goyal ox or gomayu – fox,

–       rabbit

–       rat

–       camel

–       canine

–       vulture

–       crow

–       donkey and so on.

Pitta Prakrti purusa Laksana – options of particular person of pitta structure:-

पित्तप्रकृतिस्तु स्वेदनो दुर्गन्धः  पीतशिथिलाङ्गस्ताम्रनखनयनतालुजिह्वौष्ठपाणिपादतलो दुर्भगो वलीपलितखालित्यजुष्टो बहुभुगुष्णद्वेषी क्षिप्रकोपप्रसादो मध्यबलो मध्यायुश्च भवति ||६८||
मेधावी निपुणमतिर्विगृह्य वक्ता तेजस्वी समितिषु दुर्निवारवीर्यः |

सुप्तः सन् कनकपलाशकर्णिकारान् सम्पश्येदपि च हुताशविद्युदुल्काः ||६९||
न भयात् प्रणमेदनतेष्वमृदुः प्रणतेष्वपि सान्त्वनदानरुचिः |
भवतीह सदा व्यथितास्यगतिः स भवेदिह पित्तकृतप्रकृतिः ||७०||
(भुजङ्गोलूकगन्धर्वयक्षमार्जारवानरैः |
व्याघ्रर्क्षनकुलानूकैः पैत्तिकास्तु नराःस्मृताः) ||७१||

Under talked about are the options of particular person of Pitta Prakriti –

–       has extra sweating,

–       physique emits unhealthy scent,

–       has yellowish and flabby physique components,

–       coppery coloration of nails, eyes, palate, tongue, lips, palms and soles,

–       look – ugly in appears, has pores and skin wrinkling, gray hairs, baldness

–       eats giant portions of meals,

–       hates scorching issues and comforts,

–       rapidly will get offended and likewise rapidly comes out of it,

–       has average power,

–       has average longevity of life

–       is clever, wins over different individuals in talks,

–       is good and undefeatable in debates and assemblies,

–       has goals of gold, flowers of Palasa and Karnikara (that are pink in coloration), hearth, lightening, meteors and so on.

–       faces any scenario courageously and doesn’t submit self to concern,

–       doesn’t simply give up and isn’t delicate in direction of those that are stiff and cussed,

–       is knowledgeable in consoling those that are obedient or loyal with him,

–       finds issue to talk all the time (as a result of he’s continuously troubled by ulcerations within the mouth)

Individuals of Pitta Prakriti resemble the beneath mentioned of their bodily and psychological behaviors –

–       snake,

–       owl,

–       cat,

–       monkey,

–       tiger,

–       bear,

–       mongoose,

–       Gandharva,

–       Yaksa

Kapha Prakrti purusa Laksana – options of individuals of kapha structure

श्लेष्मप्रकृतिस्तु दूर्वेन्दीवरनिस्त्रिंशार्द्रारिष्टकशरकाण्डानामन्यतमवर्णः सुभगः प्रियदर्शनो मधुरप्रियः कृतज्ञो धृतिमान् सहिष्णुरलोलुपो बलवांश्चिरग्राही दृढवैरश्च भवति ||७२||
शुक्लाक्षः स्थिरकुटिलालिनीलकेशो लक्ष्मीवान् जलदमृदङ्गसिंहघोषः |
सुप्तः सन् सकमलहंसचक्रवाकान् सम्पश्येदपि च जलाशयान् मनोज्ञान् ||७३||
रक्तान्तनेत्रः सुविभक्तगात्रः स्निग्धच्छविः सत्त्वगुणोपपन्नः |
क्लेशक्षमो मानयिता गुरूणां ज्ञेयो बलासप्रकृतिर्मनुष्यः ||७४||
(दृढशास्त्रमतिः स्थिरमित्रधनः परिगण्य चिरात् प्रददाति बहु |
परिनिश्चितवाक्यपदः सततं गुरुमानकरश्च भवेत् स सदा ||७५||
ब्रह्मरुद्रेन्द्रवरुणैः सिंहाश्वगजगोवृषैः |
तार्क्ष्यहंससमानूकाः श्लेष्मप्रकृतयो नराः ) ||७६||

Under talked about are the options of particular person of Kapha Prakriti –

–       physique or pores and skin coloration resembling the colour of any one of many durva, indivara, nistrimsa, moist aristaka or sarakanda

–       look – stunning appears, enticing, can have white eyes, has hairs that are sturdy (deep rooted), curly and blue like bee, eyes that are reddish at their angles, properly demarcated components of the physique, greasy complexion,

–       likes candy issues / meals,

–       grateful,

–       brave,

–       withstands hardships,

–       not sensuous,

–       not grasping,

–       sturdy,

–       understands issues slowly,

–       harbors enmity for very long time,

–       wealthy,

–       voice – resembles that of thunder, cymbal and roar of lion,

–       goals of water our bodies like ponds, lakes, rivers and so on. having lotus, swans and Cakravaka hen, stunning water reservoirs that are pleasing in thoughts

–       predominant in sattva guna – they may have virtuous and benevolent habits,

–       withstands hardships of life,

–       respects the preceptors and elders,

–       immensely targeted in shastras – studying of sciences,

–       can have secure and fixed buddy circle and wealth,

–       after contemplating and fascinated with the recipient for a very long time, he items them in a lot,

–       speech – speaks with chosen and properly considered phrases and sentences

–       all the time upholds the standing of preceptors

Individuals of Kapha Prakriti resemble the beneath mentioned of their bodily and psychological behaviors –

They are going to have power and actions just like that of –

–       Brahma,

–       Rudra,

–       Indra,

–       Varuna,

–       lion,

–       horse,

–       elephant,

–       cow,

–       bull,

–       pink eagle and

–       swan

Samsarga Prakrti

द्वयोर्वा तिसृणां वाऽपि प्रकृतीनां तु लक्षणैः |
ज्ञात्वा संसर्गजा वैद्यः प्रकृतीरभिनिर्दिशेत् [१] ||७७||

Samsarga Prakriti is a combined structure and could be recognized and understood on discovering the presence of options of two or three doshas collectively within the structure of any particular person.

Prakrti doesn’t hurt the particular person

प्रकोपो वाऽन्यथाभावो क्षयो वा नोपजायते |
प्रकृतीनां स्वभावेन जायते तु गतायुषः ||७८||
विषजातो यथा कीटो न विषेण विपद्यते |
तद्वत्प्रकृतयो मर्त्यं शक्नुवन्ति न बाधितुम् ||७९||

The options of prakritis of human beings will neither improve, nor change in any other case nor lower naturally on their very own accord. These adjustments occur solely in dying particular person.

Analogy – The constitutions i.e. doshas constituting one’s prakriti won’t hurt the particular person similar to bugs born in poison are usually not killed by the identical poison.

Pancabhautika Prakrti

प्रकृतिमिह नराणां भौतिकीं केचिदाहुः
पवनदहनतोयैः कीर्तितास्तास्तु तिस्रः |
स्थिरविपुलशरीरः पार्थिवश्च क्षमावाञ्
शुचिरथ चिरजीवी नाभसः खैर्महद्भिः ||८०||

In line with some consultants, Prakrti arises from Bhutas – the 5 major components of nature,

–       1 from Pavana – Vata

–       1 from Dhana – agni or Pitta

–       1 from Toya – ap / jala or Kapha

–       1 – the fourth one from Prithvi – characterised with sturdy and massive physique and good capability to resist troubles,

–       1 – the fifth one from Nabhasa – Akasa – having options like cleanliness and longevity of life, can have larger orifices within the physique

Manasa Prakrti – Psyche / psychological constitutions

1. Satvika Kaya 

शौचमास्तिक्यमभ्यासो वेदेषु गुरुपूजनम् |
प्रियातिथित्वमिज्या च ब्रह्मकायस्य लक्षणम् ||८१||
माहात्म्यं शौर्यमाज्ञा च सततं शास्त्रबुद्धिता |
भृत्यानां भरणं चापि माहेन्द्रं कायलक्षणम् ||८२||
शीतसेवा सहिष्णुत्वं पैङ्गल्यं हरिकेशता |
प्रियवादित्वमित्येतद्वारुणं कायलक्षणम् ||८३||
मध्यस्थता सहिष्णुत्वमर्थस्यागमसञ्चयौ |
महाप्रसवशक्तित्वं कौबेरं कायलक्षणम् ||८४||
गन्धमाल्यप्रियत्वं च नृत्यवादित्रकामिता |
विहारशीलता चैव गान्धर्वं कायलक्षणम् ||८५||
प्राप्तकारी दृढोत्थानो निर्भयः स्मृतिमाञ्छुचिः |
रागमोहमदद्वेषैर्वर्जितो याम्यसत्त्ववान् ||८६||
जपव्रतब्रह्मचर्यहोमाध्ययनसेविनम् |
ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्नमृषिसत्त्वं नरं विदुः ||८७||
सप्तैते सात्त्विकाः काया… |८८|

Brahma Kaya – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Brahma Kaya –

–       Clear

–       Believes in God,

–       Believes in scriptures and so on.

–       Practices learning Vedas,

–       Worships friends and preceptors,

–       Performs hearth sacrifices

Mahendra Kaya – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Mahendra Kaya –

–       Superb

–       Brave

–       Commanding

–       Have data of sciences

–       All the time defend and help servants

Varuna Kaya – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Varuna Kaya –

–       Desirous of meals

–       Has forbearance,

–       Has yellow eyes,

–       Has brown hairs,

–       Speaks affectionately

Kaubera Kaya – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Kubera Kaya –

–       Adopts center path in all actions,

–       Withstands difficulties / hardships of life,

–       Good at bringing and accumulating wealth,

–       Has good capability to supply many kids

Gandharva Kaya –Under talked about are the options of individuals of Gandharva Kaya –

–       Is keen on perfumes and garlands,

–       Loves to bop and enjoying musical devices

–       Loves going for picnics

Yama Kaya –Under talked about are the options of individuals of Yamya Kaya –

–       Performs all actions at correct time, with sturdy will and willpower,

–       He doesn’t get afraid of something, is fearless,

–       Has good reminiscence,

–       Clear,

–       Devoid of ardour, delusion, intoxication, delight and hatred

Rshi Satva (Kaya) –Under talked about are the options of individuals of Rishi Kaya –

–       Continuously indulges himself in meditation, vows, celibacy, hearth sacrifice and research of scriptures,

–       Endowed with normal and particular data,

The above defined seven sorts of Kaya are Satvika Kaya (constitutions predominant of satva guna).

2.Rajasa Kaya

…राजसांस्तु निबोध मे |
ऐश्वर्यवन्तं रौद्रं च शूरं चण्डमसूयकम् ||८८||
एकाशिनं चौदरिकमासुरं सत्त्वमीदृशम् |
तीक्ष्णमायासिनं भीरुं चण्डं मायान्वितं तथा ||८९||
विहाराचारचपलं सर्पसत्त्वं विदुर्नरम् |
प्रवृद्धकामसेवी चाप्यजस्राहार एव च ||९०||
अमर्षणोऽनवस्थायी शाकुनं कायलक्षणम् |
एकान्तग्राहिता रौद्रमसूया धर्मबाह्यता ||९१||
भृशमात्रं तमश्चापि राक्षसं कायलक्षणम् |
उच्छिष्टाहारता तैक्ष्ण्यं साहसप्रियता तथा ||९२||
स्त्रीलोलुपत्वं नैर्लज्ज्यं पैशाचं कायलक्षणम् |
असंविभागमलसं दुःखशीलमसूयकम् ||९३||
लोलुपं चाप्यदातारं प्रेतसत्त्वं विदुर्नरम् |
षडेते राजसाः कायाः,.. |९५|

Asura Kaya –Demon like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Asura Kaya –

–       they’re rich

–       terrifying,

–       brave,

–       overtly offended,

–       jealous,

–       eats meals alone and is a glutton – eats in a lot and fills his abdomen with giant portions of meals

Sarpa Kaya – Snake like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Sarpa Kaya –

–       sharp and fast in actions,

–       will get drained in a short time,

–       fearful and offended,

–       deceiving in nature,

–       wishes and loves recreation and different previous occasions,

Sakuna Kaya – Chicken like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Sakuna Kaya –

–       indulges significantly in sexual actions,

–       uninterruptedly eats meals,

–       is impatient,

–       doesn’t stay at one place and always retains roaming round

Raksasa Kaya – Demon like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Raksasa Kaya –

–       eats meals alone whereas hiding from others,

–       terrifying,

–       jealous,

–       violates stipulated guidelines and rules of righteousness,

–       significantly flatters himself

Pisaca / Paisaca Kaya –Demon like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Pisaca Kaya –

–       consumes meals which have been described by others,

–       merciless,

–       loves adventures,

–       wishes girls

–       devoid of shyness

Preta Kaya – Satan or ghost like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Preta Kaya –

–       doesn’t share something, particularly meals with others,

–       lazy,

–       all the time grief stricken,

–       jealous,

–       grasping,

–       doesn’t give something to different

The above defined six sorts of Kaya are Rajas Kaya- structure predominant of Rajo Guna.

3. Tamasa Kaya

…तामसांस्तु निबोध मे ||९४||
दुर्मेधस्त्वं मन्दता च स्वप्ने मैथुननित्यता |
निराकरिष्णुता चैव विज्ञेयाः पाशवा गुणाः ||९५||

Pasu Kaya – animal like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Pasu Kaya –

–       all the time thinks unhealthy,

–       is sluggish in doing all actions,

–       goals himself indulging in copulation each day,

–       is in denial of every thing

अनवस्थितता मौर्ख्यं भीरुत्वं सलिलार्थिता |
परस्पराभिमर्दश्च मत्स्यसत्त्वस्य लक्षणम् ||९६||

Matsya Kaya –Fish like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Matsya Kaya –

–       unsteady

–       fool,

–       fearful,

–       wishes water,

–       fights with each other

एकस्थानरतिर्नित्यमाहारे केवले रतः |
वानस्पत्यो नरः सत्त्वधर्मकामार्थवर्जितः ||९७||
इत्येते त्रिविधाः कायाः प्रोक्ता वै तामसास्तथा |९८|

VanaspatyaKaya –Vegetative like temperament – Under talked about are the options of individuals of Vanaspatya Kaya –

–       all the time likes to stay at one place,

–       all the time engaged in consuming meals,

–       devoid of acts of truthfulness,

–       devoid of acts of righteousness,

–       devoid of lust and wealth

The above talked about three sorts of Kaya are Tamasa Kaya – structure predominant of Tamo Guna.

कायानां प्रकृतीर्ज्ञात्वा त्वनुरूपां क्रियां चरेत् ||९८||
महाप्रकृतयस्त्वेता रजःसत्त्वतमःकृताः |
प्रोक्ता लक्षणतः सम्यग्भिषक् ताश्च विभावयेत् ||९९||

Applicable remedies should be performed to the individuals after having understood the natures of individuals of those constitutions.

These Prakritis often called Maha Prakritis, produced by Sattva, Rajas and Tamas Gunas have been described together with their options till right here. The clever doctor ought to perceive these Prakritis diligently.

CÌiÉ इति सुश्रुतसंहितायां शारीरस्थाने गर्भव्याकरणं शारीरं नाम चतुर्थोऽध्यायः ||४||

Thus ends the Fourth chapterby identify Garbha Vyakarana- in sariraSthana of Susrutasamhita.