Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
We now have to contemplate many components in treating ailments. Many Acharyas have given completely different units of things to be thought of in treating ailments, in numerous chapters, in line with the context and as and when acceptable.
Amongst such components, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three important components to be thought of in treating the ailments successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we’ll attempt to know extra about these components.
Three necessary components to be thought of to successfully deal with ailments
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many ailments are manifested. Why do we have now so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions may even give a readability in regards to the understanding of the above talked about three components.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
Initially, all ailments are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological components of a illness. Every illness has a giant listing of etiological components which might trigger the illness. These etiological components would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and worsen which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be mentioned. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological components can’t be understood nor the best way they behave after they are available contact with the physique. In the identical individual, the identical etiological issue might disturb completely different dosha at completely different instances and trigger completely different set of signs or ailments.
This provides us a readability concerning the multiplicity of ailments brought about on account of particular natures of causative components and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact data of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue harm is the following step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As mentioned above, the causative components, on account of their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They’d discover a weak and vulnerable place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can also be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is known as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and vulnerable tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a crucial stage for the illness to kind.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into and get lodged are once more of various varieties. These ailments would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a specific dosha in circulation may cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can also be based mostly on the character of the sthana. So, it is crucial for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and crucial issue to be thought of is the primary dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and during which sthana it’s lodged. This additionally entails understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone enhance. That is known as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have a radical data of the vikara prakriti i.e. nature of dosha and the illness brought on by it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative components, on reaching completely different elements of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of ailments.
Due to this fact, a doctor ought to know all these three components and the connection between them.
The therapy of the illness brought about in such a manner, by many sorts of causative components and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, must be executed in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.
