Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
We’ve got to contemplate many elements in treating ailments. Many Acharyas have given completely different units of things to be thought of in treating ailments, in varied chapters, in response to the context and as and when acceptable.
Amongst such elements, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three predominant elements to be thought of in treating the ailments successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we’ll attempt to know extra about these elements.
Three essential elements to be thought of to successfully deal with ailments
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many ailments are manifested. Why do we’ve so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions may also give a readability concerning the understanding of the above talked about three elements.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
Initially, all ailments are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological elements of a illness. Every illness has an enormous record of etiological elements which might trigger the illness. These etiological elements would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and worsen which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be mentioned. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological elements can’t be understood nor the way in which they behave after they are available contact with the physique. In the identical individual, the identical etiological issue might disturb completely different dosha at completely different instances and trigger completely different units of signs or ailments.
This offers us a readability concerning the multiplicity of ailments triggered because of particular natures of causative elements and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact information of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue injury is the following step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As mentioned above, the causative elements, because of their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They’d discover a weak and vulnerable place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can also be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is referred to as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and vulnerable tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a vital stage for the illness to kind.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into get lodged are once more of various varieties. These ailments would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a selected dosha in circulation could cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can also be based mostly on the character of the sthana. So, it will be important for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and an important issue to be thought of is the principle dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and during which sthana it’s lodged. This additionally includes understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone enhance. That is referred to as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have an intensive information of the vikara prakriti i.e., the character of dosha and the illness attributable to it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative elements, on reaching completely different components of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of ailments.
Subsequently, a doctor ought to know all these three elements and the connection between them.
The therapy of the illness triggered in such a approach, by many sorts of causative elements and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, needs to be finished in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.
